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| What is the Periodic Table Showing? | Periodicity |
The INTERNET Database of Periodic Tables
There are thousands of periodic tables in web space, but this is the only comprehensive database of periodic tables & periodic system formulations. If you know of an interesting periodic table that is missing, please contact the database curator: Mark R. Leach Ph.D. The database hold information on periodic tables, the discovery of the elements and elucidation of atomic weights (and more).
Periodic Tables from the year 1808:
| 1808 | Dalton's Elements |
| 1808 | Boron, Discovery of |
| 1808 | Magnesium, Discovery of |
| 1808 | Calcium, Discovery of |
| 1808 | Strontium, Discovery of |
| 1808 | Barium, Discovery of |
| Year: 1808 | PT id = 5, Type = formulation data element weight |
Dalton's Elements
Two pages from John Dalton's A New System of Chemical Philosophy in which he proposed his version of atomic theory based on scientific experimentation (see the scanned book, page 219):
| Name | Modern Symbol | Dalton's Data | Modern Values | % error |
| Hydrog. | H | 1 | 1 | 0% |
| Azote | N | 5 | 14 | -180% |
| Carbone | C | 5 | 12 | -140% |
| Oxygen | O | 7 | 16 | -129% |
| Phosphorus | P | 9 | 31 | -244% |
| Sulphur | S | 13 | 32.1 | -147% |
| Magnesia | Mg | 20 | 24.3 | -22% |
| Lime | Ca | 24 | 40.1 | -67% |
| Soda | Na | 28 | 23 | 18% |
| Potash | K | 42 | 39.1 | 7% |
| Strontites | Sr | 46 | 87.6 | -90% |
| Barytes | Ba | 68 | 137.3 | -102% |
| Iron | Fe | 50 | 55.8 | -12% |
| Zinc | Zn | 56 | 65.4 | -17% |
| Copper | Cu | 56 | 63.5 | -13% |
| Lead | Pb | 90 | 200.6 | -123% |
| Silver | Ag | 190 | 107.9 | 43% |
| Gold | Au | 190 | 197 | -4% |
| Platina | Pt | 190 | 195.1 | -3% |
| Mercury | Hg | 167 | 200.6 | -20% |
- Dalton states that he is considering "chemical elements or ultimate particles"
- Dalton assigns hydrogen as having a relative weight of 1.
- Note the seemingly huge % errors in the atomic weights, compared with modern values.
- These errors occurred because while Dalton had deduced that atoms combine in fixed (stoichiometric) ratios in compounds, he not always know what the ratios were. Thus there were two unknowns: the atomic weights (masses) and the stoichiometric ratios.
By Mark Leach
| Year: 1808 | PT id = 785, Type = element |
Discovery of Boron
B
Boron, atomic number 5, has a mass of 10.814 au.
Boron has properties that are borderline between metal and non-metal (semimetallic).
Boron was first observed or predicted in 1808 by L. Gay-Lussac and L.J. Thénard and first isolated in 1808 by H. Davy.
| Year: 1808 | PT id = 791, Type = element |
Discovery of Magnesium
Mg
Magnesium, atomic number 12, has a mass of 24.306 au.
Magnesium is a Group 2 element, and these are called: "alkaline earth metals".
Magnesium was first observed or predicted in 1755 by J. Black and first isolated in 1808 by H. Davy.
| Year: 1808 | PT id = 800, Type = element |
Discovery of Calcium
Ca
Calcium, atomic number 20, has a mass of 40.078 au.
Calcium is a Group 2 element, and these are called: "alkaline earth metals".
Calcium was first isolated in 1808 by H. Davy.
| Year: 1808 | PT id = 818, Type = element |
Discovery of Strontium
Sr
Strontium, atomic number 38, has a mass of 87.62 au.
Strontium is a Group 2 element, and these are called: "alkaline earth metals".
Strontium was first observed or predicted in 1787 by W. Cruikshank and first isolated in 1808 by H. Davy.
| Year: 1808 | PT id = 836, Type = element |
Discovery of Barium
Ba
Barium, atomic number 56, has a mass of 137.327 au.
Barium is a Group 2 element, and these are called: "alkaline earth metals".
Barium was first observed or predicted in 1772 by W. Scheele and first isolated in 1808 by H. Davy.
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| What is the Periodic Table Showing? | Periodicity |
© Mark R. Leach Ph.D. 1999 –
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