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The INTERNET Database of Periodic Tables

There are thousands of periodic tables in web space, but this is the only comprehensive database of periodic tables & periodic system formulations. If you know of an interesting periodic table that is missing, please contact the database curator: Mark R. Leach Ph.D.

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Medicines, Periodic Table of

From C. Van Cleave 1 and D. C. Crans, The First-Row Transition Metals in the Periodic Table of Medicine, Inorganics 2019, 7, 111 (Inorganics 2019, 7, 111; doi:10.3390/inorganics7090111, www.mdpi.com/journal/inorganics).

From the paper, specifically the text associated with the figure:

The periodic table with known medicinal uses of each main group or transition metal element when available. In the following, we list the use of each element.

• Hydrogen (H), boron (B), carbon (C), calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), vanadium (V), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), rubidium (Ru), molybdenum (Mo), and cesium (Cs) are commonly found in supplements readily available to the public and are illustrated as such. Helium (He) is crucial in the operation of MRI machines.
• Lithium (Li) as lithium carbonate is the most common treatment of bipolar disorder.
• Beryllium (Be) foil is used as shielding in radiographic instruments.
• Nitrogen (N), as nitrous oxide, is a common anesthetic.
• Oxygen (O) has many medical uses, including anesthetics and resuscitation, and is illustrated here for use in ventilation.
• Fluorine (F) and tin (Sn) as stannous fluoride are a common ingredient in toothpaste.
• Sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are used as NaCl in saline solutions.
• Aluminum (Al) compounds are a common active ingredient in antiperspirant deodorants.
• Silicon (Si) is used in antacid products.
• Sulfur (S) is illustrated as campden tablets, which are used for sterilization in beer fermentation.
• Argon (Ar) lasers are used in eye surgery.
• Zirconium (Zr) is used in immuno-positron emission tomography (PET) imaging while scandium (Sc) is a candidate for the same technique.
• Titanium (Ti), palladium (Pd), niobium (Nb), nickel (Ni), and tantalum (Ta) are used in medical implants.
• Chromium (Cr) is shown as Cr(III) picolinate, which is a controversial supplement used in lowering insulin resistance.
• Gallium (Ga), yttrium (Y), technetium (Tc), lanthanum (La), astatine (At), and actinium (Ac) are all used in nuclear medicine.
• Arsenic (As), as As(III) trioxide, is used to treat certain forms of leukemia.
• Bromine (Br) as KBr is an active ingredient in canine seizure medication.
• Krypton (Kr) was used in lung ventilation studies but has since been phased out.
• Strontium (Sr) is used in Sensodyne® toothpaste.
• Rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), and rhenium (Re) complexes are used as anticancer agents.
• Silver (Ag) is used in antibacterial ointments.
• Indium (In) is used in white blood cell scans.
• Antimony (Sb) is used in leishmania medicine.
• Barium (Ba) is used in X-ray imaging of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Tungsten (W) is used in shielded syringes.
• Iridium (Ir) is used in brachytherapy.
• Gold (Au) was used as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis but has been phased out.
• Mercury (Hg) is used in dental amalgams.
• Lead (Pb) is used in X-ray aprons.
• Bismuth (Bi) is used in stomach ulcer medicine.
• Neon (Ne), germanium (Ge) cadmium (Cd), tellurium (Tl), hafnium (Hf), osmium (Os), polonium (Po), francium (Fr), radon (Rn), and radium (Ra) although most of these are toxic elements for human life, some of these elements are under development as potential agents for disease treatment but to our knowledge they are not currently used for beneficial applications in medicine.

© Mark R. Leach Ph.D. 1999 –

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